April 2020
European spaceports compete for recognition and business
... uncertainty regarding a final vertical orbital launcher option for the Swedish Esrange launch site, mostly because of challenges associated with overflight of Norway. Although Italy has made a decision that its airport in Taranto should become...
November 2020
Walking on the Moon
...China followed this, in December 2018, with the more challenging Chang’e 4 mission, which deployed its Yutu-2 rover...lunar lava tubes, which a traditional wheeled rover might find challenging. Lava tubes are subsurface tunnels, formed by basaltic lava ...
April 2021
On Mars as it is on Earth - preparing for settlement
... reduced global population. As Arthur C Clarke wrote, “The choice, as Wells once said, is the Universe – or nothing. […] The challenge of the great spaces between the worlds is a stupendous one; but if we fail to meet it, the story of our race...
May 2021
In-situ propellant design for Mars ascent vehicles
..., accessible and sustainable will be the main challenge for the next generation. The current target ...Although Mars is the best candidate for human exploration, there are challenges for long-term surface operations. Its atmosphere has a density ...
